Le Caravage (Michelangelo Merisi) (Caravaggio, 1571 – Porto Ercole, 1610) Après avoir séjourné à Milan durant son apprentissage, Michelangelo Merisi arriva à Rome en 1592. Là, il commença à peindre en faisant preuve de réalisme et de psychologie dans la représentation de ses modèles. Le Caravage était aussi versatile dans sa peinture que dans sa vie. Lorsqu'il répondait à de prestigieuses commandes de l'Eglise, son style dramatique et son réalisme étaient considérés comme inacceptables. Le clair-obscur existait bien avant que le Caravage n'arrive sur scène, mais ce fut lui qui établit définitivement cette technique, obscurcissant les ombres et rivant son …

Of all pre-Hispanic cultures, the Maya have perhaps attracted the most attention on the part of archaeologists and historians. Their cultural proliferation, their extraordinary scientific contributions, and their epic survival have given rise to eccentric myths and even supernatural connotations. With the confusing array of texts, predictions, studies, and suppositions, we need to step back and ask: What is, in fact, the essence of Maya? This first volume in the series Discover the Maya World sheds light on the features that define and frame Mayanist studies, from the earliest examples onward, leading to a detailed analysis of the identity, architecture, …

Chagall wurde in einer strenggläubigen jüdischen Familie geboren, in der das Verbot, den Menschen bildlich darzustellen, zum religiösen Dogma gehörte. Zwar lebte Chagalls Familie in ärmlichen Verhältnissen, litt jedoch keine Not. Nachdem er zunächst bei der Aufnahmeprüfung für die Kunstschule des Barons Stieglitz durchgefallen war, gelang es ihm, in die von Nikolai Roerich geleitete Schule der Kaiserlichen Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Künste aufgenommen zu werden. Chagall wählte später als Wohnsitz Paris. In dem Künstlerviertel La Ruche traf er viele Landsleute – u.a. Lipschitz, Zadkine, Soutine und Archipenko –, die, angezogen vom Ruhm der Weltstadt, ebenfalls nach Paris gekommen waren. Bereits …

The seascapes of Ivan Aivazovsky (1817-1900) made his name in Russia, his native country where he was a painter of the court of Nicholas I, yet his fame barely extended beyond these borders. Master of the Sublime, he made the ocean the principal subject of his work. Sometimes wild and raging, sometimes calm and peaceful, the life of the ocean is composed of as many allegories as the human condition. Like Turner, whom he knew and whose art he admired, he never painted outside in nature, nor did he make preliminary sketches; hispaintings were the fruit of his exceptional memory. …

A painter of the Impressionist movement, Alfred Sisley was born on October 30th 1839 in Paris but was of British origin. He died on January 29th 1899 in Moret-sur-Loing. Growing up in a musical family, he chose to pursue painting rather than the field of business. In 1862 he enrolled in Gleyre’s studio where he encountered Renoir, Monet, and Bazille. The four friends left their master’s studio in March 1863 to work outdoors, setting their easels to paint the forest scenes of Fontainebleau. Sisley tirelessly chose the sky and water as subjects for his paintings, animated as they were by …